護理師準備給藥，下列哪項是確認病人身分最可靠的方法？
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client. Which action is the most reliable way to identify the client?
- AAsk the client if they are Mr. Smith詢問病人是否為史密斯先生
- BCheck the room number on the door檢查門上的房間號碼
- CCheck the client's bed tag檢查病人的床頭標籤
- DAsk the client to state their full name and date of birth✓ 正解請病人自報全名和出生日期
根據病人安全標準，確認病人身分必須使用至少兩種識別符（Identifiers）。病人的姓名與出生日期是臨床上最穩定且唯一的識別資訊。房號或床號會因病人轉院或搬床而改變，因此絕不能作為身分識別依據。開放式提問（如請病人說出姓名）優於封閉式提問（如「你是張先生嗎？」），後者易導致病人因意識模糊或聽力問題而錯誤回應。
According to patient safety standards, at least two identifiers must be used to verify a client's identity. The client's name and date of birth are the most stable and unique identifiers in clinical practice. Room and bed numbers may change when clients are transferred or moved and therefore must never be used as identifiers. Open-ended questions (such as asking the client to state his or her name) are preferable to closed-ended questions (such as 'Are you Mr. Chang?'), because the latter may elicit incorrect responses from clients who are confused or have hearing impairment.