— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 45 歲客戶諮詢關於大腸直腸癌的篩檢建議，護理師應提供何種資訊？
A 45-year-old client asks the nurse about recommended screening for colorectal cancer. Which information should the nurse provide?
- ABegin colonoscopy screening at age 45✓ 正解45 歲開始接受大腸鏡篩檢
- BOnly screen if there is a family history僅在有家族史時進行篩檢
- CSchedule a sigmoidoscopy every 2 years每兩年安排一次乙狀結腸鏡檢查
- DWait until age 50 for the first screening等到 50 歲再進行第一次篩檢
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
美國癌症協會與預防工作小組建議，一般風險人群應自 45 歲起開始定期篩檢。結腸鏡檢查是診斷與預防的金標準，可同時移除瘜肉。延遲至 50 歲已過時，且不應僅依賴家族史，因為多數病例發生於無顯著家族史者。
The American Cancer Society and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommend that adults at average risk begin regular colorectal cancer screening at age 45. Colonoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis and prevention because it can simultaneously remove polyps. Delaying until age 50 is outdated, and reliance on family history alone is inappropriate because most cases occur in individuals without a significant family history.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國將 45 歲訂為篩檢起始點；台灣國民健康署目前提供 50-74 歲每兩年一次糞便潛血檢查，兩者政策針對年齡有所不同。