護理師準備給予靜脈 Gentamicin。哪項評估發現應回報醫師?
The nurse is preparing to administer an IV dose of Gentamicin. Which assessment finding should be reported to the provider?
- ABlood pressure of 120/80 mmHg血壓 120/80 mmHg
- BPulse rate of 88 beats/min脈搏 88 次/分
- CRinging in the ears✓ 正解耳鳴
- DTemperature of 100.2°F (37.9°C)體溫 100.2°F (37.9°C)
Gentamicin 屬於胺基醣苷類抗生素(Aminoglycosides),這類藥物具有顯著的耳毒性(Ototoxicity)與腎毒性(Nephrotoxicity)。耳毒性通常表現為耳鳴(Tinnitus)、聽力下降或前庭功能受損(眩暈、平衡失調)。這些損傷有時是不可逆的,因此一旦病人主訴「耳朵嗡嗡響」,護理師必須高度警覺並立即回報醫師,以評估是否需要調整劑量或更換藥物。在給藥前,護理師應評估病人的聽力狀態與腎功能指標(如肌酸酐、尿量),這對於預防永久性感覺神經受損至關重要。
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside with significant ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Ototoxicity typically presents as tinnitus, hearing loss, or vestibular dysfunction (vertigo, imbalance), which may be irreversible. Tinnitus warrants immediate provider notification to consider dose adjustment or drug change. Baseline hearing and renal function (creatinine, urine output) should be assessed before administration to prevent permanent sensorineural damage.
在美國,Gentamicin 通常會進行「血藥濃度監測(TDM)」,測量高峰(Peak)與最低(Trough)濃度。NCLEX 經常考最低濃度(Trough level),因為它與腎毒性最相關。台灣臨床亦會監測,但護理師對「耳鳴」等主訴的警覺性是兩地共同的要求。