護理師給予病人靜脈注射萬古黴素（Vancomycin）。應警覺哪些「紅人症候群」的徵象？
A nurse is administering a dose of intravenous Vancomycin to a client. The nurse should be alert for which signs of 'Red Man Syndrome'?
- AGeneralized petechiae and bruising全身性點狀出血與瘀青
- BWheezing and difficulty breathing喘鳴與呼吸困難
- CFlushing of the face, neck, and upper torso✓ 正解臉部、頸部和上半身潮紅
- DSudden onset of high-grade fever突然發作的高燒
萬古黴素若輸注過快，會導致組織胺大量釋放，引發紅人症候群。典型症狀為面部、頸部及上半身潮紅（flushing）、搔癢，甚至低血壓。處理方式是暫停輸注並稀釋藥物、調慢滴速。選項 B 是過敏性休克的徵象，雖需注意，但紅人症候群特有的潮紅分布才是其典型特徵。
When vancomycin is infused too rapidly, it triggers a large release of histamine, producing red man syndrome. Typical symptoms include flushing of the face, neck, and upper body, pruritus, and even hypotension. Management is to pause the infusion, dilute the medication, and slow the infusion rate. Option B describes anaphylactic shock, which is also concerning, but the characteristic distribution of flushing is the hallmark of red man syndrome.
美國護理師依據醫院政策可調慢輸注速率；台灣醫院對萬古黴素輸注時間規定嚴格，且若有過敏疑慮通常需醫師重新確認醫囑。