護理師準備給予病人硫酸嗎啡。給藥前最優先的護理評估為何？
A nurse is preparing to administer morphine sulfate to a client. Which priority nursing assessment should be performed before administration?
- APain scale score疼痛量表分數
- BBlood pressure血壓
- CRespiratory rate✓ 正解呼吸頻率
- DLevel of consciousness意識程度
嗎啡（Morphine）屬於鴉片類止痛藥，其藥理作用會抑制腦幹的呼吸中樞。給藥前的護理評估應優先考慮病人的生理安全性。呼吸速率（Respiratory Rate）是評估呼吸抑制風險最直接的指標。若病人呼吸速率低於標準（通常成人為 12 次/分以下），給藥將導致呼吸衰竭的危險，故必須先評估呼吸狀態再給藥。
Morphine is an opioid analgesic whose pharmacologic action suppresses the respiratory center in the brainstem. Before administration, the nurse's priority assessment focuses on the client's physiologic safety. Respiratory rate is the most direct indicator of risk for respiratory depression. If the client's respiratory rate is below the threshold (generally under 12 breaths per minute in adults), administration risks respiratory failure, so respiratory status must be assessed before giving the medication.