— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照顧一位正在滴注萬古黴素（Vancomycin）的病人。哪些發現顯示可能出現紅人症候群？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client receiving an infusion of vancomycin. Which findings suggest the occurrence of Red Man Syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
- AHypotension✓ 正解低血壓
- BFlushing of the face and neck✓ 正解臉部與頸部潮紅
- CWheezing and dyspnea喘鳴與呼吸困難
- DPruritus✓ 正解搔癢
- EGeneralized rash全身性皮疹
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）是由於萬古黴素滴注過快導致組織胺釋放所引發的類過敏反應。典型症狀包括臉部、頸部與上身潮紅、搔癢、低血壓，但通常不伴隨呼吸道症狀。選項 C（喘鳴、呼吸困難）為真正的過敏性休克，而非紅人症候群。
Red Man Syndrome is caused by rapid infusion of vancomycin leading to histamine release, resulting in flushing of the face and neck, pruritus, and hypotension. Unlike anaphylaxis, it does not typically involve respiratory distress such as wheezing or dyspnea, distinguishing it from a true allergic reaction.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床均要求萬古黴素滴注時間至少 60 分鐘以預防此反應。