— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
護理師為接受全靜脈營養（TPN）的病人擬定護理計畫，下列哪些行動是正確的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is planning care for a client receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN). Which actions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AMonitor blood glucose levels every 6 hours✓ 正解每 6 小時監測血糖水平
- BUse a dedicated central line lumen for TPN✓ 正解使用專用的中心靜脈導管腔進行 TPN
- CChange the TPN tubing every 24 hours✓ 正解每 24 小時更換 TPN 管路
- DWeigh the client daily✓ 正解每日稱量病人體重
- EIf TPN solution is empty, hang D10W until the next bag arrives✓ 正解如果 TPN 溶液用完，在下一袋到達前掛上 D10W
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全靜脈營養（TPN）含有高濃度的葡萄糖與蛋白質，是細菌滋生的溫床，因此無菌技術與管路維護要求極高。TPN 必須使用中央靜脈管路（central line）給予，且需設置專屬管路（dedicated lumen）以避免藥物交互作用。每日監測血糖可預防高血糖併發症，而若 TPN 供應中斷，應立即給予高濃度葡萄糖液以預防發生嚴重的反彈性低血糖（rebound hypoglycemia）。
TPN contains high concentrations of glucose and protein, creating an ideal medium for bacterial growth, so aseptic technique and line management are critical. TPN requires a central line with a dedicated lumen to prevent drug interaction. Daily blood glucose monitoring prevents hyperglycemia. If TPN is interrupted, hang D10W to prevent severe rebound hypoglycemia.