— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA —
護理師教導關於心血管疾病「可調整」之危險因子。應包含哪些?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is teaching a client about modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Which of the following should be included? (Select all that apply.)
- AAge and gender年齡與性別
- BSmoking habits✓ 正解吸菸習慣
- CBlood pressure levels✓ 正解血壓數值
- DBlood cholesterol levels✓ 正解血液膽固醇數值
- EFamily history of early heart disease早期心臟病家族史
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
可調整(Modifiable)危險因子指透過生活習慣或治療可控制者。吸菸(B)、血壓(C)、膽固醇(D)皆可經由介入改善。不可調整(Non-modifiable)因子包括年齡(A)、性別(A)與家族史(E)。
Modifiable risk factors are controllable via lifestyle or treatment: smoking (B), blood pressure (C), and cholesterol (D). Non-modifiable factors include age, gender (A), and family history (E).
✦ 台美臨床差異
臨床衛教中,台灣護理師常需釐清病人對「家族史」的迷思,強調雖無法改變基因,但可透過調整生活型態降低發病機率。