護理師發現護病比不安全。應優先採取什麼行動？
A nurse identifies an unsafe staffing level. Which action should the nurse take first?
- AFile an incident report填寫事故報告
- BRefuse to accept any more patients拒絕接收更多病人
- CReport the concern to the immediate supervisor✓ 正解向直屬主管回報此疑慮
- DContact the state board of nursing聯繫州護理委員會
當護理師發現護病比不安全時，應遵循醫療機構的「指揮鏈（Chain of Command）」。優先向直接主管回報，讓主管負起管理責任並進行資源分配調整。直接拒絕病人可能涉及遺棄病人（Patient abandonment）的法律風險，因此必須謹慎處理。透過正式管道反映問題，既保障了病人權益，也保護了護理師的執業安全。
When a nurse identifies an unsafe nurse-to-patient ratio, the institution's chain of command should be followed. The first action is to report to the immediate supervisor so the supervisor can take managerial responsibility and adjust resource allocation. Directly refusing patients may carry a legal risk of patient abandonment and must therefore be handled carefully. Raising concerns through formal channels protects both client rights and the nurse's professional practice.
在美國，若護病比嚴重影響病人安全，護理師除回報主管外，通常會填寫「安全事件報告（Safety Event Report）」或「護理人力不足申訴書（Assignment Despite Objection, ADO）」，這對護理師的法律自我保護至關重要。