護理師指導病人服用阿倫磷酸鈉（Alendronate）。下列何項說明能預防食道刺激？
A nurse is teaching a client about the administration of alendronate. Which instruction is essential to prevent esophageal irritation?
- ATake the medication with a full glass of milk以一杯滿的牛奶服用藥物
- BRemain upright for at least 30 minutes after ingestion✓ 正解服用後至少保持直立姿勢 30 分鐘
- CTake the medication before bedtime睡前服用藥物
- DCrush the tablet if swallowing is difficult若吞嚥困難則將藥片搗碎
阿倫磷酸鈉（Alendronate）屬於雙磷酸鹽類（Bisphosphonates），用於治療骨質疏鬆。此類藥物最大的副作用是嚴重的食道刺激與潰瘍。其機轉在於藥物若在食道滯留，會直接侵蝕黏膜。為預防此風險，必須遵循關鍵指導：空腹服用、搭配足量清水（協助藥物快速進入胃部）、且服藥後必須維持直立姿勢（坐位或站立）至少 30 分鐘，以利用重力確保藥物順利通過食道，避免逆流。
Alendronate is a bisphosphonate used to treat osteoporosis. The major side effect of this drug class is severe esophageal irritation and ulceration, caused by mucosal erosion when the medication is retained in the esophagus. To prevent this risk, key instructions must be followed: take the medication on an empty stomach, with a full glass of plain water (to help the drug pass quickly into the stomach), and remain upright (sitting or standing) for at least 30 minutes after dosing, using gravity to ensure the medication clears the esophagus and avoid reflux.