— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師為低血鉀病人輸注靜脈注射氯化鉀時，啟動輸注前最重要的安全預防措施為何？
A nurse is administering a dose of IV potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. What is the most critical safety precaution to verify before initiating the infusion?
- ACheck the client's current serum sodium level檢查個案目前的血清鈉濃度
- BAssess the patency of the intravenous site評估靜脈穿刺點的通暢度
- CVerify the presence of a central venous catheter確認是否有中心靜脈導管
- DEnsure the client has adequate urine output✓ 正解確保個案有足夠的尿量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈輸注鉀離子前，必須確認腎功能正常且有尿液排除，否則易造成高血鉀引發致命性心律不整。氯化鉀具有強烈刺激性，臨床雖建議由中央導管給藥，但若週邊給藥維持低濃度且速度受限亦可行，故尿量與腎功能是更核心的安全先決條件。
Adequate urine output must be verified before administering IV potassium to ensure the kidneys can excrete the excess electrolyte safely. Without sufficient renal function, potassium accumulation can lead to life-threatening hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias. While site patency is important, renal function is the critical physiological prerequisite for safe administration.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆嚴格要求鉀離子輸注須由幫浦給藥並嚴密監測心電圖與尿量，以防心臟停搏。