護理師準備為低血鉀病人靜脈輸注氯化鉀。下列哪項安全防護措施最重要？
A nurse is preparing to administer intravenous potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. What is the most important safety precaution the nurse should implement?
- ACheck the client's serum magnesium level before administration給藥前檢查病人的血清鎂濃度
- BAdminister the infusion via a central line only僅透過中心靜脈導管給藥
- CDilute the medication in a minimum of 100 mL of fluid將藥物稀釋於至少 100 mL 的液體中
- DEnsure the infusion rate does not exceed 10 mEq/hour via peripheral line✓ 正解確保周邊靜脈輸注速率不超過 10 mEq/小時
靜脈輸注鉀離子具高度危險性，若濃度過高或速度過快易引發心律不整及組織壞死。標準規定周邊靜脈輸注速度不得超過 10 mEq/hr，且需經由輸液泵控制。過快輸注可能導致致命性心室顫動，因此確保速率是預防靜脈炎及心肌受損的關鍵動作。
Intravenous administration of potassium ions carries significant risk; concentrations that are too high or rates that are too fast can precipitate dysrhythmias and tissue necrosis. Standard guidelines stipulate that infusion through a peripheral line must not exceed 10 mEq/hour and should be controlled with an infusion pump. Too rapid an infusion may cause lethal ventricular fibrillation; therefore, ensuring an appropriate rate is the key action for preventing phlebitis and myocardial injury.
美台皆嚴格控管鉀離子輸注速度，但美國基於病人安全指標，通常強制要求使用輸液泵並列為高警訊藥物（High-Alert Meds）。