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藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA

護理師照護靜脈輸注肝素(Heparin)的病人。應優先監測哪些發現以預防嚴重損傷?(選所有適合的)

A nurse is caring for a client receiving intravenous Heparin. Which findings should the nurse prioritize to prevent serious injury? (Select all that apply.)

  • APlatelet count✓ 正解
    血小板計數
  • BPresence of hematuria✓ 正解
    血尿的存在
  • CaPTT levels✓ 正解
    活化部分凝血活酶時間(aPTT)
  • DSpontaneous epistaxis✓ 正解
    自發性鼻出血
  • ESerum creatinine
    血清肌酸酐
Explanation · 中文詳解

肝素治療需嚴謹監測出血徵兆。血小板計數(A)用於偵測 HIT(肝素誘發血小板減少症),這是致命併發症。血尿(B)與鼻出血(D)為顯著出血徵兆。aPTT(C)則是用於調整輸注速度的核心數據。肌酸酐(E)雖與排泄有關,但非肝素輸注期間優先監測的出血或血栓指標。

Monitoring platelet counts is critical to detect heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), while aPTT levels guide dosage adjustments. Signs of bleeding such as hematuria and spontaneous epistaxis must also be prioritized to prevent serious injury.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國護理師常依據特定醫療機構的 Heparin Nomogram 自行調整點滴速度,台灣多需依賴醫師下醫囑調整。

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