護理師準備為病人給予靜脈藥物。在執行給藥前，辨識病人身分最有效的方法為何？
A nurse is preparing to administer an IV medication to a client. What is the most effective way to identify the client before administration?
- ACompare the medication administration record with the client's bed tag將給藥紀錄與病患床頭標籤進行比對
- BAsk the client to state their name and room number請病患報出姓名和房號
- CVerify the client's name by checking the sign on the door透過檢查門上標示來確認病患姓名
- DAsk the client to state their name and date of birth✓ 正解請病患報出姓名和出生日期
辨識病人身分是防止給藥錯誤的第一道安全防線。根據病人安全目標，必須使用至少兩個識別碼（如姓名、出生日期、病歷號）。僅詢問姓名或查看房號、床頭卡，易因環境干擾、病人意識狀況或同名同姓導致錯誤。出生日期（Date of birth）是唯一且不易混淆的資訊，能顯著提升辨識的準確性。護理師應在給藥前確實核對病人身分，這是執行給藥安全五大權利的核心。
Patient identification is the first safety barrier in preventing medication errors. According to patient safety goals, at least two identifiers (such as name, date of birth, and medical record number) must be used. Asking for the name alone or checking the room number or headboard card is prone to errors caused by environmental distractions, the client's level of consciousness, or patients with the same name. Date of birth is unique and unlikely to be confused, significantly improving identification accuracy. The nurse must verify patient identity before administering medication, which is the core of executing the five rights of medication administration.