— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA —
下列哪些活動代表護理實務中的「三級預防」？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following activities represent tertiary prevention in nursing practice? (Select all that apply.)
- ACardiac rehabilitation for a client after myocardial infarction✓ 正解心肌梗塞後病人的心臟復健
- BPhysical therapy for a client with a chronic stroke✓ 正解慢性中風病人的物理治療
- CAdministering a flu vaccine to an elderly person為老年人施打流感疫苗
- DScreening for hypertension in a community health fair在社區健康博覽會進行高血壓篩檢
- ESupport group for clients with end-stage renal disease✓ 正解末期腎臟病病人的支持團體
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
三級預防（Tertiary Prevention）的核心目標在於「疾病發生後，透過復健與支持性照護，最大限度地降低長期殘疾、改善生活品質，並預防併發症」。與一級預防（預防疾病發生）及二級預防（早期篩檢與診斷）不同，三級預防介入點在於疾病已確診且造成一定功能喪失時。選項 A、B、E 皆符合此定義，旨在協助病人適應疾病後的身體限制並恢復社會功能。
Tertiary prevention aims to minimize long-term disability, improve quality of life, and prevent complications after disease has occurred—differing from primary (prevent disease) and secondary (early screening/diagnosis) prevention. It intervenes when disease is established and has caused functional loss. Options A, B, and E all meet this definition, helping clients adapt to post-disease physical limitations and restore social function.