— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師諮詢一位長者關於營養。對於有咀嚼困難的個案，哪項建議適當？
A nurse is counseling an older adult about nutrition. Which suggestion is appropriate for a client who has difficulty chewing?
- AAvoid meat completely to prevent choking完全避免食用肉類以防窒息
- BStick to dry crackers as they are easy to swallow僅食用乾燥餅乾，因為易於吞嚥
- CIncrease the intake of finely chopped or pureed foods✓ 正解增加細切或泥狀食物的攝取量
- DConsume only liquids to avoid any chewing僅攝取液體以避免任何咀嚼動作
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對有咀嚼困難（Dysphagia or mastication difficulty）的長者，護理重點在於確保營養攝取足夠且進食安全。將食物切細碎（Fine chopped）或絞碎（Pureed）能降低咀嚼負擔，並保留食物中的關鍵營養素。完全避免肉類會導致蛋白質攝取不足，只喝液體則會導致營養密度過低，且長期只喝液體會讓咀嚼肌與吞嚥功能退化，乾餅乾則容易引發噎食，應避免。
For older adults with chewing difficulties, modifying food texture by chopping or pureeing items helps ensure adequate nutrition while maintaining safety. Completely avoiding meat can lead to protein deficiency, and liquid-only diets lack sufficient nutritional density. Dry foods pose a choking hazard, so texture modification is the most appropriate intervention.