— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師為客戶準備預防接種衛教。下列哪些敘述正確？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing a health education session for clients regarding immunizations. Which statements are accurate? (Select all that apply.)
- AInfluenza vaccination is recommended annually for most adults✓ 正解大多數成人建議每年接種流感疫苗
- BTetanus boosters should be received every 10 years✓ 正解破傷風加強劑應每10年接種一次
- CShingles vaccination is recommended for adults aged 50 and older✓ 正解建議50歲以上成人接種帶狀皰疹疫苗
- DPneumococcal vaccines are only for infants肺炎鏈球菌疫苗僅適用於嬰兒
- EVaccines provide active immunity✓ 正解疫苗提供主動免疫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
A 流感疫苗需每年接種因病毒株會變異；B 破傷風每 10 年補打一次；C 帶狀皰疹疫苗針對 50 歲以上成人；E 疫苗透過減毒或不活化抗原引發人體主動產生抗體。D 錯誤，肺炎鏈球菌疫苗對高齡者亦極為重要。
A: Annual flu vaccination is needed due to viral antigenic drift; B: Tetanus boosters every 10 years; C: Shingles vaccine is recommended for adults 50 and older; E: Vaccines stimulate active immunity by exposing the body to attenuated or inactivated antigens. D is incorrect because pneumococcal vaccines are critical for older adults at high risk for pneumonia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美在流感及肺炎鏈球菌疫苗推廣政策高度一致，皆納入政府公費預防接種計畫。