— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師為一位 20 歲男性進行健康篩檢。針對此年齡層，何者是一級預防中最合適的測試？
A nurse is conducting a health screening for a 20-year-old male. Which test is most appropriate as part of primary prevention for this age group?
- AColonoscopy大腸鏡檢查
- BBone density scan (DEXA)骨密度掃描 (DEXA)
- CBlood pressure screening✓ 正解血壓篩檢
- DProstate-specific antigen (PSA) test攝護腺特異抗原 (PSA) 檢測
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
一級預防針對的是低風險族群的常規健康監測。血壓監測是所有成人（包含年輕人）在例行檢查中的基本篩檢項目，用以早期發現高血壓。PSA 檢查通常在 50 歲以上或高危險群才考慮，大腸鏡與骨密度掃描則分別針對中老年族群。對 20 歲男性而言，BP 監測是高 CP 值的基礎檢查。
Primary prevention focuses on routine monitoring of low-risk populations. Blood pressure screening is a basic check for all adults, including young adults, to detect hypertension early. PSA is typically reserved for men over 50 or higher-risk individuals; colonoscopy and DEXA scans are for older adults. For a 20-year-old male, BP monitoring is the highest-yield screening.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣健保提供 19-39 歲成人每三年一次的免費健檢，內容包含血壓、血脂、血糖與腎功能，這與美國常見的常規篩檢趨勢一致。