— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師準備對低血鉀病人給予靜脈鉀離子補充。給藥前最優先的評估項目為何？
A nurse is preparing to administer intravenous potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. Which assessment is the highest priority before initiation?
- AAssess the peripheral intravenous site for infiltration評估周邊靜脈注射部位是否有滲漏
- BObtain a baseline 12-lead electrocardiogram取得基線 12 導程心電圖
- CVerify the presence of a patent urine output✓ 正解確認有暢通的尿液排出
- DCheck the client's most recent serum creatinine level檢查病人最近的血清肌酸酐濃度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鉀離子主要透過腎臟代謝，靜脈補充鉀離子（IV Potassium）若在腎功能受損或無尿（Anuria）的情況下給予，將導致高血鉀（Hyperkalemia），進而引發致命性心律不整。因此，在給予鉀離子前，確保病人有足夠的尿量輸出（Urine Output）是評估病人的優先順序，這代表腎臟排泄功能尚可運作，能降低高血鉀風險。
Potassium is excreted by the kidneys. IV potassium given to a patient with renal impairment or anuria can cause hyperkalemia and life-threatening arrhythmias. Therefore, ensuring adequate urine output before administering IV potassium is the highest priority, as it confirms that the kidneys can excrete the load and reduces hyperkalemia risk.