護理師照護一位髖關節置換術後病人，應採取何種措施以預防肺栓塞？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a hip arthroplasty. Which intervention should the nurse implement to prevent a pulmonary embolism?
- AMassage the lower extremities按摩下肢
- BRestrict oral fluid intake限制口服攝水量
- CEncourage bed rest for 48 hours鼓勵臥床休息 48 小時
- DApply sequential compression devices✓ 正解使用序貫性加壓裝置
髖關節置換術後病人因手術創傷、長期臥床及止痛藥影響，靜脈血液流速變慢，處於高凝血狀態，極易發生深部靜脈栓塞（DVT），進而引發致命的肺栓塞（PE）。護理介入重點在於採取機械性預防措施，透過連續性壓縮裝置（SCD）模擬肌肉泵浦作用，促進下肢靜脈血液回流，減少血液鬱積。臨床上，除 SCD 外，鼓勵早期下床活動及水分補充亦為標準預防策略，應優先執行以降低風險。
Clients after hip arthroplasty are in a hypercoagulable state due to surgical trauma, prolonged bedrest, and effects of analgesics, with slowed venous flow that predisposes them to deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and subsequent life-threatening pulmonary embolism (PE). Nursing care focuses on mechanical prophylaxis: sequential compression devices (SCDs) simulate the muscle pump and promote venous return from the lower extremities, reducing venous stasis. Clinically, in addition to SCDs, early ambulation and hydration are also standard preventive strategies and should be prioritized to lower risk.