護理師衛教病人透過可改變的健康行為來降低第二型糖尿病風險，哪項最有效？
A nurse is teaching a client about modifiable health behaviors to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. Which of the following is most effective?
- AMaintaining a healthy body weight✓ 正解維持健康體重
- BReducing water intake to minimize urination減少水分攝取以減少排尿
- CIncreasing protein consumption增加蛋白質攝取
- DTaking daily vitamin C supplements每日補充維生素 C
第二型糖尿病的發病機制與胰島素阻抗（Insulin resistance）密切相關，而體重過重（特別是腹部脂肪）是導致胰島素阻抗的主要可改變因子。維持健康體重能顯著改善細胞對胰島素的敏感度，從而降低血糖並預防糖尿病發生。飲食與運動的調整均是為了達到此目標。補充維生素或限制飲水對預防糖尿病並無實證支持。
The development of type 2 diabetes is closely related to insulin resistance, and being overweight (particularly with abdominal fat) is the primary modifiable risk factor for insulin resistance. Maintaining a healthy body weight significantly improves cellular sensitivity to insulin, thereby lowering blood glucose and preventing the onset of diabetes. Dietary and exercise adjustments are aimed at achieving this goal. Vitamin supplementation or restricting fluid intake has no evidence-based support for preventing diabetes.