— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師教導準父母關於新生兒安全。哪些資訊應重點強調？
A nurse is teaching a group of expectant parents about newborn safety. Which information should be emphasized?
- APlace the baby in a car seat facing forward將嬰兒面朝前放置於汽車安全座椅中
- BKeep the baby's room temperature at 28°C將嬰兒房間溫度保持在28°C
- CAlways support the baby's head and neck✓ 正解始終支撐嬰兒的頭部和頸部
- DBathe the baby every day to prevent infection每天給嬰兒洗澡以預防感染
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
新生兒因頭部相對較大且頸部肌肉發育不成熟，頭頸部支撐能力極差。護理師必須教育家長在抱持或搬運嬰兒時，必須隨時以手托住頭頸部以防受傷。此為嬰兒照護的基本安全原則（Safety Principle）。其餘選項均違反嬰兒安全標準，如室溫過高增加嬰兒猝死症候群（SIDS）風險，汽車座椅需後向安裝，且新生兒無需每日洗澡。
Because newborns have a disproportionately large head and immature neck musculature, head and neck support is essential when holding or moving the infant. This is a fundamental infant safety principle. The other options violate newborn safety standards: excessive room temperature increases SIDS risk, car seats must be rear-facing, and newborns do not need daily baths.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國非常強調汽車安全座椅（Car Seat）的後向安裝法規，且護理師會嚴格執行車載安全檢查衛教，台灣則較常依賴家長自行安裝，規範強度有別。