— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師給予病人 furosemide 40 mg IV。長期監測下，應最優先關注哪種電解質不平衡？
A nurse is administering a dose of furosemide 40 mg IV. Which electrolyte imbalance is the primary concern for chronic monitoring?
- AHypermagnesemia高鎂血症
- BHypercalcemia高血鈣症
- CHypokalemia✓ 正解低血鉀症
- DHyponatremia低血鈉症
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Furosemide 屬於環利尿劑（Loop diuretic），作用於腎小管的亨利氏環（Loop of Henle），強效抑制鈉與氯的再吸收，同時會伴隨大量鉀離子排出。長期使用此藥會導致體內鉀離子大量流失，引發低血鉀（Hypokalemia），進而影響心肌電生理，導致心律不整，因此長期監測血鉀濃度是護理重點。
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that acts on the loop of Henle in the renal tubule, potently inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride and producing a substantial loss of potassium at the same time. Long-term use can cause major potassium depletion, leading to hypokalemia, which in turn affects cardiac electrophysiology and can result in dysrhythmias. Long-term monitoring of serum potassium levels is therefore a nursing priority.