— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照顧一名新診斷結核病的病人，應採取下列哪項措施以確保適當的感染控制？
A nurse is managing the care of a client newly diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which action should the nurse take to ensure proper infection control?
- APlace the client in a room with negative air pressure✓ 正解將個案安置在負壓空氣的房間
- BMaintain the client in a room with positive air pressure將個案安置在正壓空氣的房間
- CEnsure all staff members wear surgical masks when entering the room確保所有進入房間的員工佩戴外科口罩
- DPerform contact precautions for all visitors對所有訪客實施接觸防護措施
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
結核病屬於空氣傳播（Airborne precautions），必須安置於負壓隔離病房（AII），以防止病原菌擴散至走廊或其他區域。醫療人員進入時必須配戴 N95 口罩，而非一般外科口罩，因為結核菌核粒徑極小，外科口罩無法有效過濾。
Tuberculosis requires airborne precautions; the client must be in a negative-pressure (AII) isolation room to prevent pathogen spread to corridors or other areas. Healthcare workers must wear fit-tested N95 respirators—not surgical masks—because the small particle size of M. tuberculosis defeats surgical-mask filtration.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對於 TB 的隔離規格一致，皆嚴格要求負壓隔離與 N95 規範，惟美國更強調環境監測報告。