— 照護管理 · EASY · SATA —
護理師向病人進行感染控制衛教。下列哪些是標準防護措施（Standard Precautions）的範例？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about infection control. Which of the following are examples of standard precautions? (Select all that apply.)
- AHand hygiene after touching any body fluids✓ 正解接觸任何體液後進行手部衛生
- BWearing gloves when contact with blood is anticipated✓ 正解預期會接觸血液時戴手套
- CWearing a gown during a dressing change if splashing is expected✓ 正解預期會有噴濺時，在換藥期間穿隔離衣
- DRecapping needles before disposal丟棄前將針頭回套
- EPlacing a surgical mask on the nurse when entering the room進入病房時在護理師臉上戴上外科口罩
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
標準防護措施（Standard Precautions）是所有照護的基礎，包含手部衛生、血液體液曝露時戴手套、預防噴濺戴隔離衣。禁止回套針頭（Recapping）以防穿刺傷。戴口罩非標準防護之必然，除非有飛沫接觸風險。
Standard precautions include performing hand hygiene after touching body fluids, wearing gloves when blood contact is anticipated, and wearing a gown if splashing is expected during procedures like dressing changes. Recapping needles is prohibited to prevent injury, and masks are not routinely required unless there is a risk of droplet transmission.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對針扎防護規定皆極嚴格；美國透過安全針頭（Safety devices）普及來落實，台灣則需持續強化教育。