護理師照顧一位患有困難梭狀芽孢桿菌（C. difficile）感染的病人。護理師應穿戴哪種個人防護裝備（PPE）最為恰當？
A nurse is caring for a client with Clostridioides difficile. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) is most appropriate for the nurse to wear?
- AGown and gloves✓ 正解隔離衣和手套
- BGoggles and face shield護目鏡和面罩
- CSurgical mask and gloves外科口罩和手套
- DN95 respirator and gownN95呼吸器和隔離衣
針對困難梭狀芽孢桿菌的感染控制關鍵在於接觸隔離（Contact Precautions）。此菌株會產生孢子，酒精乾洗手液無法有效殺死孢子，因此護理師在進行照護後務必使用肥皂與水澈底洗手。穿戴隔離衣與手套是為了預防接觸性的飛沫與孢子污染衣物。選項C戴口罩是針對飛沫傳染，對於此菌無效；選項D的N95是針對空氣傳染如結核病；選項B的護目鏡則是在預防體液噴濺時才需使用，非單純照顧腹瀉病人的必要裝備。在執行感染控制時，優先考量的是傳播途徑，困難梭狀芽孢桿菌主要是透過病人的糞便經由接觸途徑傳播，因此徹底執行隔離措施與手部衛生是預防院內群聚感染的核心策略，切勿掉以輕心。
C. difficile infection control hinges on contact precautions. The organism forms spores that alcohol-based hand rubs cannot kill, so soap and water must be used after care. Gown and gloves prevent contact contamination of clothing and skin. Surgical masks (C) are for droplet, not contact, transmission; N95 (D) is for airborne organisms like TB; goggles/face shield (B) are needed only with risk of splashing. The primary route for C. diff is fecal-oral contact, so isolation and hand hygiene are key strategies to prevent nosocomial spread.
美國醫院針對C. diff病人嚴格執行肥皂洗手，甚至在部分機構提供專用的氯系清潔劑處理環境；台灣醫院同樣重視，但在手部衛生宣導上，常提醒護理人員若手上有可見污物或接觸腸道傳染病，必須放棄酒精乾洗手而改用流動水加肥皂。