— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師教導病人關於預防鉛中毒。在老舊房屋中，哪項是鉛最常見的來源？
A nurse is educating a client about lead poisoning prevention. Which source of lead is most common in older homes?
- AModern electronic devices.現代電子裝置。
- BCarpet fibers.地毯纖維。
- CPlastic furniture.塑膠家具。
- DDeteriorating paint.✓ 正解剝落的油漆。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
在 1978 年以前建築的房屋中，含鉛油漆（Lead-based paint）是主要污染源。當油漆剝落產生粉塵時，幼兒接觸或誤食會引發鉛中毒，嚴重影響神經發展。其他選項（塑膠傢俱、電子產品、地毯）並非主要的鉛暴露源。
In homes built before 1978, lead-based paint is the major source of lead contamination. When the paint deteriorates and forms dust, young children can be exposed by contact or ingestion, leading to lead poisoning and serious effects on neurodevelopment. The other options (plastic furniture, electronic devices, carpet fibers) are not primary sources of lead exposure.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國非常重視居家老屋鉛暴露的環境評估；台灣老屋較多，但對鉛油漆的衛教相較美國較不頻繁。