— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師在社區進行關於癌症「初級預防」的教學。下列哪項活動屬於此類別？
A nurse is teaching a community group about primary prevention of cancer. Which activity falls under this category?
- AScheduling a colonoscopy for a client with rectal bleeding.為有直腸出血症狀的客戶安排結腸鏡檢查
- BPerforming routine mammography for women over 40.為四十歲以上女性進行常規乳房攝影檢查
- CConducting monthly self-breast exams to find lumps.每月進行乳房自我檢查以發現腫塊
- DPromoting a diet high in fiber and low in processed meats.✓ 正解推廣高纖維且低加工肉品的飲食方式
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
初級預防（Primary Prevention）目的是在疾病發生前消除危險因子。推廣健康飲食以降低罹癌風險屬於此範疇。B、C、A 選項皆屬於次級預防（Secondary Prevention），即透過早期篩檢或檢查來偵測已經發生的病變。
Primary prevention aims to eliminate risk factors before disease occurs. Promoting healthy eating habits to reduce cancer risk falls into this category. Options B, C, and A all represent secondary prevention, that is, detecting lesions that have already developed through early screening or examination.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地公共衛生護理學皆明確區分三級預防定義，觀念一致。