下列哪種飲食習慣有助於降低大腸癌風險？
Which dietary habit helps reduce the risk of colorectal cancer?
- AHigh consumption of processed meats大量攝取加工肉品
- BHigh alcohol consumption大量飲酒
- CHigh intake of fruits and vegetables✓ 正解大量攝取水果和蔬菜
- DLow fiber intake低纖維飲食
大腸癌的預防核心在於減少腸道內致癌物質的接觸，並促進腸道正常蠕動。高纖維飲食（包含大量蔬果）能增加糞便體積、稀釋致癌物，並縮短其在腸道停留的時間。相較之下，加工肉品中的亞硝酸鹽與高溫烹調產生的多環芳香烴是明確的致癌物質。臨床護理教學中，強調攝取植物性來源的纖維，能有效降低大腸黏膜的發炎反應與癌變風險，是健康促進的重要環節。
The core of colorectal cancer prevention is to reduce exposure of the intestine to carcinogens and to promote normal bowel motility. A high-fiber diet (including abundant fruits and vegetables) increases fecal volume, dilutes carcinogens, and shortens their transit time in the gut. By contrast, nitrites in processed meats and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons produced by high-temperature cooking are confirmed carcinogens. In clinical nursing education, emphasizing plant-based fiber intake can effectively decrease colonic mucosal inflammation and the risk of carcinogenesis and is an important part of health promotion.