護理師衛教病人大腸癌篩檢。何者正確？
A nurse is educating a client about colon cancer screening. Which statement is correct?
- AScreening should begin at age 60篩檢應自 60 歲開始
- BScreening is only for those with family history篩檢僅適用於有家族病史者
- CColonoscopy is recommended every 10 years for average risk✓ 正解一般風險族群建議每 10 年進行一次結腸鏡檢查
- DStool occult blood tests are replaced by colonoscopy糞便潛血試驗已被結腸鏡檢查取代
大腸癌是常見且可透過篩檢有效預防的疾病。大腸鏡（Colonoscopy）被視為大腸癌篩檢的「黃金標準」，因其能同時進行偵測與切除癌前病變（息肉）。一般風險人群建議從 45 歲開始進行篩檢，若檢查結果正常，通常建議每 10 年執行一次。其他篩檢如糞便潛血測試（FIT/gFOBT）雖然簡單，但若結果異常，仍需進一步接受大腸鏡檢查，兩者是互補而非取代關係。
Colorectal cancer is a common disease that can be effectively prevented through screening. Colonoscopy is regarded as the 'gold standard' of colorectal cancer screening because it can both detect and remove precancerous lesions (polyps) at the same time. For average-risk populations, screening is recommended to begin at age 45, and if results are normal, it is generally repeated every 10 years. Other screening tests, such as fecal occult blood tests (FIT/gFOBT), are simple but if results are abnormal, colonoscopy is still required for follow-up; the two are complementary rather than mutually exclusive.
美國癌症協會（ACS）目前建議大腸癌篩檢起始年齡為 45 歲，台灣國民健康署則提供 50-74 歲民眾每兩年一次的糞便潛血檢查，兩國在篩檢策略與年齡建議上略有不同，應依據 NCLEX 考試情境（美國標準）回答。