病人拒絕救命治療引發倫理困境，護理師應優先考量什麼？
An ethical dilemma arises regarding a client's refusal of life-saving treatment. What should the nurse prioritize?
- AThe family's request to continue all treatment家屬要求繼續所有治療
- BThe physician's opinion on the medical necessity醫師對醫療必要性的意見
- CThe client's right to self-determination✓ 正解個案的自我決定權
- DThe hospital's policy on terminal care醫院關於末期照護的政策
醫療倫理的核心原則之一是「自主權（Autonomy）」。當病人具有行為能力且能清楚理解拒絕治療的風險與後果時，護理師的法律與道德義務是尊重其意願，即使這與家屬或醫療團隊的建議相違背。護理師的角色是協助病人進行知情同意（Informed Consent）的評估，確保其決定是基於充分了解，而非強迫其接受治療。
One of the core principles of medical ethics is autonomy. When the client has capacity and clearly understands the risks and consequences of refusing treatment, the nurse's legal and ethical duty is to respect the client's wishes, even if this conflicts with the recommendations of the family or healthcare team. The nurse's role is to assist with the informed consent evaluation, ensuring that the client's decision is based on adequate understanding rather than being coerced into accepting treatment.