一位糖尿病酮酸中毒（DKA）病人正在接受靜脈胰島素治療。護理師應監測何種潛在併發症？
A client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is receiving intravenous insulin. The nurse should monitor for which potential complication?
- AIncreased ketones酮體增加
- BMetabolic alkalosis代謝性鹼中毒
- CHyperglycemia高血糖
- DHypokalemia✓ 正解低血鉀
靜脈胰島素治療會促進葡萄糖進入細胞，同時也會將鉀離子帶入細胞內，導致血鉀濃度下降，引發低血鉀（Hypokalemia）。這是 DKA 治療中需要密切監測的併發症，可能引發心律不整。高血糖、代謝性酸中毒、酮體增加是 DKA 的主要問題，胰島素治療旨在糾正這些問題。
Intravenous insulin therapy drives glucose into the cells and simultaneously moves potassium into the cells, lowering the serum potassium level and producing hypokalemia. This is a complication that must be closely monitored during the treatment of DKA, as it can lead to cardiac dysrhythmias. Hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and elevated ketones are the primary problems of DKA, and insulin therapy is intended to correct them.
美國在 DKA 治療中，通常會積極監測並補充鉀離子；台灣亦同，但依病人臨床狀況及檢驗結果，補充速度可能有所不同。