一位 45 歲女性詢問乳房 X 光篩檢的頻率。根據美國癌症協會對一般風險女性的建議，下列何者正確？
A 45-year-old client asks the nurse about the frequency of mammogram screenings. Which recommendation is consistent with current American Cancer Society guidelines for a woman at average risk?
- AEvery two years starting at age 50自 50 歲起每兩年一次
- BOnly if a lump is palpable during self-examination僅在自我檢查時觸及腫塊才進行
- CEvery year between ages 45 and 54, then every two years✓ 正解45 至 54 歲之間每年一次，之後每兩年一次
- DEvery year starting at age 40自 40 歲起每年一次
乳癌篩檢指引旨在早期發現病灶，提高治癒率。根據美國癌症協會（ACS）針對一般風險（Average Risk）女性的建議，45 歲起應開始進行每年一次的乳房 X 光攝影（Mammogram）；55 歲後因乳房組織密度變化及風險評估，可調整為兩年一次或維持每年一次。此篩檢策略旨在平衡早期診斷與過度診斷（Overdiagnosis）之間的影響。
Breast cancer screening guidelines aim to detect lesions early and improve cure rates. According to the American Cancer Society (ACS) recommendations for average-risk women, annual mammography should begin at age 45; after age 55, due to changes in breast tissue density and risk assessment, screening may be adjusted to every two years or continued annually. This screening strategy balances early diagnosis against the impact of overdiagnosis.
台灣衛生福利部國民健康署針對 45-69 歲女性提供兩年一次的免費乳房 X 光攝影篩檢，與美國 ACS 建議的頻率（45-54 歲每年）有所不同，赴美執業需遵循美方機構指引。