— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
一位急性胰臟炎病患有低血容積性休克的風險，原因為何？
A client with acute pancreatitis is at risk for hypovolemic shock. Why?
- ADirect damage to cardiac muscle直接損害心肌
- BIncreased urine production尿液產生增加
- CIncreased intake of sodium鈉攝取量增加
- DThird spacing of fluids✓ 正解體液第三間隙分佈
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎會引起嚴重的全身性發炎反應，導致微血管通透性增加。此機轉使得血管內的血漿與蛋白質大量滲漏至腹腔及後腹腔組織間隙，此現象稱為「第三間隙液體轉移」（Third spacing）。這種液體轉移導致血管內有效循環血量驟減，進而引發低血容積性休克（Hypovolemic shock），這是急性胰臟炎病人臨床惡化的常見原因。
Acute pancreatitis triggers a severe systemic inflammatory response that increases capillary permeability. Plasma and proteins leak from the vasculature into the peritoneum and retroperitoneum—third spacing. This shift reduces effective circulating volume, producing hypovolemic shock, a common cause of clinical deterioration in acute pancreatitis.