公共衛生護理師向 50 歲女性群體介紹癌症篩檢。應包含下列哪項建議？
A public health nurse is presenting a seminar on cancer screening to a group of 50-year-old women. Which screening recommendation should be included?
- AColonoscopy should be performed every 10 years.✓ 正解大腸鏡檢查應每 10 年進行一次。
- BMammograms are required every 3 years.乳房攝影檢查需每 3 年進行一次。
- CAnnual chest X-rays are recommended for lung cancer detection.建議每年進行胸部 X 光檢查以偵測肺癌。
- DPap smears are no longer necessary after age 50.50 歲之後不再需要子宮頸抹片檢查。
根據美國癌症協會標準，平均風險者建議自 45-50 歲開始大腸鏡檢查，若結果正常可每 10 年追蹤一次。乳房攝影建議 40 或 50 歲開始，頻率為每年或兩年一次，非每三年。子宮頸抹片即便 50 歲後仍需定期篩檢。胸部 X 光並非肺癌篩檢的首選工具，低劑量電腦斷層（LDCT）才是高風險群的標準。
According to American Cancer Society guidelines, individuals at average risk should begin colonoscopy at age 45–50, with follow-up every 10 years if results are normal. Mammography is recommended starting at age 40 or 50, performed annually or every two years, not every three years. Pap smears are still required at regular intervals after age 50. Chest X-rays are not the preferred screening tool for lung cancer; low-dose CT (LDCT) is the standard for high-risk groups.
台灣針對大腸癌篩檢偏重糞便潛血檢查（每年），大腸鏡檢查門檻稍高；美國則強調大腸鏡之普及。