護理師正在評估一位 12 個月大的嬰兒。該嬰兒應具備哪項粗大動作技能?
A nurse is assessing a 12-month-old infant. Which gross motor skill should the infant be able to perform?
- ARun across the room跑過房間
- BRide a tricycle騎三輪車
- CWalk while holding onto furniture (cruising)✓ 正解扶著家具行走 (巡航)
- DClimb up stairs爬上樓梯
護理師在評估嬰幼兒時,了解其發展里程碑是至關重要的核心能力。這不僅能幫助評估嬰兒的生長發育是否符合預期,也能及早發現潛在的發展遲緩問題,以便及時轉介和介入。粗大動作技能(Gross motor skills)是指涉及大肌肉群的運動能力,如翻身、坐、爬、走等。對於 12 個月大的嬰兒,其粗大動作發展通常達到一個重要階段,能夠展現出從爬行到站立和行走過渡期的技能。正確識別這些里程碑,能確保提供適切的發展支持與衛教。
At 12 months of age, infants typically demonstrate cruising, which involves walking while holding onto furniture. This is a key gross motor milestone marking the transition from crawling to independent walking. Skills such as running, climbing stairs, or riding a tricycle develop later, usually between 18 months and 3 years of age.
嬰幼兒發展里程碑,包括粗大動作技能,是基於人類普遍的生理發展規律。因此,美國與台灣在評估 12 個月大嬰兒的粗大動作技能預期方面,其標準和參考值是完全一致的。護理師在兩地執業,皆需熟悉這些發展指標,以進行正確的評估和衛教。