護理師正在為病人靜脈注射萬古黴素（Vancomycin），病人突然出現臉部及頸部潮紅。優先行動為何？
A nurse is administering IV Vancomycin to a client. The client suddenly develops flushing of the face and neck. Which action is the priority?
- AIncrease the IV fluid rate增加靜脈輸液速率
- BAdminister diphenhydramine給藥苯海拉明
- CObtain vital signs測量生命徵象
- DStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸注
此臨床表現為紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome），由萬古黴素輸注速度過快導致組織胺釋放所致。首要處置為立即停止輸注，觀察症狀改善後，再依醫囑以更慢的速度重新開始。給予抗組織胺是後續輔助，測量生命徵象則是在停藥後進行，避免嚴重過敏反應進展。
This clinical presentation is consistent with Red Man Syndrome, caused by histamine release secondary to rapid infusion of vancomycin. The priority action is to stop the infusion immediately; once symptoms improve, the medication may be restarted at a slower rate per physician order. Administering antihistamines is an adjunctive measure, and obtaining vital signs is performed after stopping the medication to prevent progression of the hypersensitivity reaction.
美台臨床對於紅人症候群的處置一致，皆強調輸注速度與停藥優先性。