— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位有氣喘病史的病人回報呼吸困難加劇和喘鳴。護理師應準備優先給予何種藥物？
A client with a history of asthma reports increased shortness of breath and wheezing. The nurse should prepare to administer which medication first?
- AInhaled fluticasone吸入性氟替卡松
- BMontelukast孟魯司特
- COral prednisone口服普奈松
- DAlbuterol inhaler✓ 正解沙丁胺醇吸入器
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氣喘急性發作時，支氣管擴張劑（如 albuterol）能快速緩解支氣管痙攣，是首選藥物。類固醇（prednisone, fluticasone）為抗發炎藥，作用較慢；Montelukast 為保養用藥，對急性發作無效。
During an acute asthma attack, a bronchodilator (such as albuterol) rapidly relieves bronchospasm and is the first-line medication. Corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone, fluticasone) are anti-inflammatory medications with a slower onset of action, while montelukast is a maintenance medication and is ineffective during an acute attack.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國藥局可直接購買非處方albuterol；台灣需醫師處方。