護理師針對新診斷為第二型糖尿病的病人進行出院衛教，病人應回報哪些臨床表現？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which findings should the client report to the provider? (Select all that apply.)
- ABlurry vision✓ 正解視力模糊
- BIncreased thirst✓ 正解口渴增加
- CConsistent weight loss without diet changes✓ 正解未改變飲食卻持續體重減輕
- DFruity breath odor✓ 正解呼氣有水果味氣味
- EFrequent urination✓ 正解頻尿
上述選項皆為高血糖之典型症狀。視力模糊與口渴（多渴）源於高滲透壓影響水晶體與細胞脫水。非預期體重下降表示身體開始分解脂肪代謝。水果味口氣（爛蘋果味）是酮酸中毒的徵兆（雖較常見於第一型，但第二型病情嚴重時亦會發生）。多尿（多尿）因腎閾值超過導致滲透性利尿。這些症狀皆需醫療介入。
All of the above options are typical symptoms of hyperglycemia. Blurred vision and polydipsia result from hyperosmolality affecting the lens and from cellular dehydration. Unintended weight loss indicates that the body has begun to break down fat for energy. A fruity (rotten-apple) breath odor is a sign of ketoacidosis (more commonly in type 1 diabetes, but it can also occur in severe type 2 disease). Polyuria results from osmotic diuresis once the renal threshold is exceeded. All of these symptoms require medical intervention.
美國有較完善的衛教個管師系統；台灣糖尿病照護網成熟，這類衛教多由糖尿病衛教護理師完成。