一位 15 個月大的孩子來診所進行健康檢查。若孩子目前的接種進度正常，護理師應預期施打哪種疫苗？
A 15-month-old child is brought to the clinic for a well-child visit. Which vaccine should the nurse expect to administer if the child is up to date?
- AHPVHPV（人類乳突病毒疫苗）
- BTdapTdap（百日咳白喉破傷風疫苗）
- CVaricella✓ 正解Varicella（水痘疫苗）
- DRotavirusRotavirus（輪狀病毒疫苗）
護理師在健康檢查中為兒童接種疫苗是其核心職責之一，必須熟悉美國疾病管制與預防中心（CDC）建議的兒童疫苗接種時程表。了解不同年齡層應接種的疫苗種類，有助於確保兒童獲得適當的免疫保護，預防常見的傳染病。對於 15 個月大的幼兒，其免疫系統已逐漸成熟，可以接種一些在嬰兒期尚未完成或首次接種的疫苗。根據常規時程，麻疹、腮腺炎、德國麻疹疫苗（MMR）和水痘疫苗（Varicella）的第一劑通常在此年齡段施打，這對於建立群體免疫和保護個體健康至關重要。
Administering vaccines during well-child visits is a core nursing responsibility, and the nurse must be familiar with the CDC-recommended childhood immunization schedule. Knowing which vaccines correspond to each age helps ensure children receive appropriate immune protection against common infectious diseases. By 15 months, the infant immune system has matured enough to receive vaccines not given in earlier infancy. The first dose of MMR and Varicella is typically administered at this age, which is critical for establishing herd immunity and protecting individual health.
美國的水痘疫苗是常規接種；台灣亦為常規（12個月），但兩國的劑量時程略有差異。