護理師在評估一位高齡病人時，發現下列哪項是正常的生理老化現象？
Which assessment finding in an elderly client should the nurse interpret as a normal change of aging?
- AInability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs)無法執行日常生活活動（ADLs）
- BSignificant memory loss interfering with daily life顯著記憶喪失干擾日常生活
- CSudden onset of confusion and disorientation突發性意識混亂和定向力障礙
- DDecreased elasticity of the skin and subcutaneous fat loss✓ 正解皮膚彈性減退及皮下脂肪流失
老化是自然生理過程，護理師需區分「正常老化」與「病理性變化」。隨著年齡增長，皮膚真皮層的膠原蛋白（collagen）與彈性纖維（elastin）退化，皮下脂肪組織減少，導致皮膚變薄、彈性變差及皺紋出現。其他選項皆為病理性異常：記憶力嚴重減退可能為失智症（dementia）；突發性混亂通常與譫妄（delirium）或感染有關；無法執行日常生活活動（ADLs）則暗示身體或認知功能嚴重受損。
Aging is a normal physiological process, and the nurse must distinguish between normal aging and pathological changes. With advancing age, collagen and elastin in the dermis degenerate and subcutaneous fat decreases, leading to thinner skin, reduced elasticity, and wrinkles. The other options represent pathological abnormalities: marked memory loss may indicate dementia; sudden confusion is typically associated with delirium or infection; and inability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) suggests serious physical or cognitive impairment.