護理師照護一位易產生壓瘡的病人，預防皮膚受損應優先採取哪項措施？
A nurse is providing care to a client with a history of pressure injury development. Which nursing intervention should be prioritized to prevent skin breakdown?
- AApply moisture barrier cream to bony prominences在骨突處塗抹濕潤屏障乳霜
- BReposition the client at least every two hours✓ 正解至少每兩小時重新安置病人姿勢
- CElevate the head of the bed to 45 degrees將床頭抬高至 45 度
- DMassage the red areas over bony prominences按摩骨突處的紅腫區域
預防壓瘡（Pressure injury）的核心在於減壓。組織缺血是壓瘡形成的主因，持續壓力會阻斷微循環。定時翻身（每 2 小時）可讓受壓組織獲得血液灌流，是預防壓瘡的黃金準則。現代護理實證強調不要對發紅部位按摩，因為這會造成深層組織損傷。抬高床頭超過 30 度會增加剪力（Shear），故翻身才是最有效的預防手段。
The core of pressure injury prevention is pressure relief. Tissue ischemia is the main cause of pressure injury, and continuous pressure interrupts microcirculation. Repositioning at scheduled intervals (every 2 hours) allows perfusion to return to compressed tissues and is the gold standard for prevention. Modern evidence-based nursing emphasizes that reddened areas should not be massaged, as this can damage deep tissues. Elevating the head of the bed beyond 30 degrees increases shear forces, so repositioning is the most effective preventive measure.