— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師準備對低血鉀病人給予靜脈輸注氯化鉀。給藥前最重要的評估為何？
A nurse is preparing to administer intravenous potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. Which assessment is most important to perform before administration?
- AVerify urine output is at least 30 mL/hr✓ 正解確認尿液輸出量至少為 30 mL/hr
- BCheck for peripheral edema檢查周邊水腫
- CAssess the client's skin turgor評估病人皮膚彈性
- DMonitor blood glucose levels監測血糖水平
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鉀離子主要透過腎臟代謝，若病人無尿或少尿，靜脈輸注鉀離子極易導致致命性高血鉀。給藥前確認腎臟功能指標（尿量）是預防高鉀血症的關鍵安全措施。ED 評估與血鉀無直接關聯，血糖與皮膚彈性亦非給藥前的首要禁忌評估重點。
Potassium is primarily excreted by the kidneys, so adequate renal function is essential before administering intravenous potassium chloride. Verifying that urine output is at least 30 mL/hr ensures the kidneys can effectively eliminate excess potassium, thereby preventing the life-threatening complication of hyperkalemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美兩國在給予靜脈鉀離子前皆嚴格要求確認腎功能，此為全球性護理標準。