護理師為即將手術的病人給予術前用藥。給藥前最優先的評估為何？
A nurse is administering a preoperative medication to a client scheduled for surgery. Which of the following is the priority assessment before administration?
- AThe client's current pain level病人目前的疼痛程度
- BThe client's surgical consent form is signed病人的手術同意書已簽署
- CThe client has voided to empty the bladder病人已排尿以排空膀胱
- DThe client's allergy status and bracelet✓ 正解病人的過敏狀況及手環
用藥安全是 Reduction of Risk Potential 核心。無論是何種藥物，確認病人身份及過敏史是給藥前的黃金準則。雖然同意書簽署與排空膀胱是術前準備的重要環節，但這兩者在「給藥」這個動作發生時，屬於行政與生理準備；過敏確認則是為了預防嚴重的醫源性傷害，屬於首要安全評估。
Medication safety is central to Reduction of Risk Potential. Regardless of the drug, verifying the client's identity and allergy history is the gold standard before administration. Although signing the consent form and emptying the bladder are important components of preoperative preparation, at the moment of medication administration they pertain to administrative and physiological readiness; verifying allergies is intended to prevent serious iatrogenic harm and is therefore the highest safety assessment priority.
美國醫院極度強調 Patient Rights 和 Patient Safety 流程，給藥前必須確認兩個識別碼（Two Identifiers）及過敏。