針對使用 Phenytoin 控制癲癇的病人，下列哪些護理措施適當？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are appropriate for a client taking phenytoin for seizure control? (Select all that apply.)
- AProvide meticulous oral care✓ 正解提供細致的口腔護理
- BMonitor for gingival hyperplasia✓ 正解監測齒齦增生
- CAdvise the client to avoid sudden withdrawal✓ 正解建議病人避免突然停藥
- DEncourage a low-calcium diet鼓勵低鈣飲食
- EMonitor blood levels for therapeutic range✓ 正解監測血液藥物濃度以維持治療範圍
Phenytoin 常見副作用為齒齦增生（gingival hyperplasia），因此需加強口腔護理以維護牙齦健康。此藥不可突然停藥，以免引發癲癇持續狀態（status epilepticus）。由於其治療指數較窄，須定期追蹤血中濃度以確保在治療範圍內。與鈣吸收無直接低鈣飲食關係，故選項 D 錯誤。
A common side effect of phenytoin is gingival hyperplasia, so meticulous oral care is needed to maintain gingival health. The medication must not be discontinued abruptly, as this may precipitate status epilepticus. Because phenytoin has a narrow therapeutic index, regular monitoring of serum drug levels is required to ensure they remain within the therapeutic range. There is no direct relationship to calcium absorption requiring a low-calcium diet, so option D is incorrect.