— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
一名 40 歲男性詢問大腸癌篩檢。護理師應提供哪些資訊？
A 40-year-old male asks about screening for colon cancer. What information should the nurse provide?
- AColonoscopy is required every year starting now從現在開始每年都需要進行大腸鏡檢查
- BScreening generally begins at age 45 for average-risk individuals✓ 正解一般風險個體的篩檢通常從 45 歲開始
- CDietary changes replace the need for medical screening飲食改變可取代醫療篩檢的需求
- DFecal occult blood test is only for those with family history糞便潛血測試僅適用於有家族病史者
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
根據美國癌病協會建議，平均風險者的大腸癌篩檢應從 45 歲開始。B（每年大腸鏡）過於頻繁且屬侵入性，非一般篩檢原則；C（糞便潛血）是常見的非侵入性篩檢工具，不侷限於有家族史者；D（飲食）雖然能降低風險，但不能替代醫學篩檢。
According to American Cancer Society recommendations, colorectal cancer screening for average-risk individuals should begin at age 45. Option A (annual colonoscopy) is too frequent and invasive, and is not a general screening principle; option D (fecal occult blood testing) is a common noninvasive screening tool that is not limited to those with a family history; option C (dietary changes) may reduce risk but cannot replace medical screening.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國將篩檢年齡調降至 45 歲；台灣國健署提供 50-74 歲每兩年一次糞便潛血檢查。