— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
一位病人因嚴重感染被開立靜脈注射萬古黴素（Vancomycin）。給藥過程中護理師為預防副作用應執行何項動作？
A client is prescribed intravenous vancomycin for a severe infection. Which nursing action is essential during the infusion to prevent adverse effects?
- AAdminister the dose over at least 60 minutes✓ 正解至少以60分鐘的時間給藥
- BMonitor for signs of hypoglycemia監測低血糖跡象
- CKeep the infusion rate rapid to maintain efficacy加快輸注速率以維持療效
- DFlush the line with dextrose 5% in water以5%葡萄糖溶液沖洗導管
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素過快輸注易引起紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome），表現為臉部、頸部與上身潮紅、低血壓與搔癢。為避免此類擬過敏反應，藥物必須在至少 60 分鐘內緩慢滴注。此外，需監測血中谷濃度以避免腎毒性與耳毒性。
Infusing vancomycin too rapidly can trigger Red Man Syndrome, manifested by flushing of the face, neck, and upper body, hypotension, and pruritus. To prevent this anaphylactoid reaction, the medication must be infused slowly over at least 60 minutes. In addition, serum trough levels must be monitored to avoid nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美藥劑科皆對抗生素輸注有嚴格時程規定，護理師需確認輸液幫浦設定正確。