護理師準備對低血鉀病人靜脈輸注氯化鉀。下列何者為最關鍵的安全措施？
A nurse is preparing to administer intravenous potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. What is the most critical safety intervention?
- ACheck the client's urine output before infusion✓ 正解輸注前檢查病人的尿液排出量
- BVerify the patient's peripheral IV site is in the hand確認病患的外周靜脈留置針位於手部
- CDilute the medication in 500 mL of normal saline將藥物稀釋於 500 mL 之生理鹽水中
- DAdminister the potassium as an IV push以靜脈推注方式給予鉀離子
靜脈輸注鉀離子前，必須確認腎功能正常。若病人無尿或少尿，輸注鉀離子極易導致致命性高血鉀。氯化鉀絕對禁止靜脈推注（IV push），會造成心跳停止。濃度需遵照醫囑稀釋，通常不超過 10 mEq/hr，且若有中央靜脈導管較佳，但臨床首重腎功能評估以確保排泄能力。
Before infusing intravenous potassium, the nurse must confirm that renal function is adequate. If the client is anuric or oliguric, potassium infusion can readily produce life-threatening hyperkalemia. Potassium chloride must never be given by IV push, as this can cause cardiac arrest. The concentration must be diluted per the physician's order, typically not exceeding 10 mEq/hr, and although a central venous catheter is preferred, the priority clinical assessment is renal function to ensure adequate excretion.
美台皆嚴禁 IV push 鉀離子，但台灣臨床多要求經由幫浦控制速度並嚴格監測心電圖。