哪些任務護理師可以安全地指派給照服員（UAP）？（選所有適合的）
Which tasks can the RN safely delegate to an Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP)? (Select all that apply.)
- AObtaining vital signs for a stable postoperative client✓ 正解為穩定的術後病人測量生命徵象
- BAssisting with ambulation for a client who is two days post-hip replacement✓ 正解協助髖關節置換術後兩天的病人行走
- CDocumenting the client’s response to pain medication記錄病人對止痛藥的反應
- DMeasuring and recording urinary output from a catheter drainage bag✓ 正解測量並記錄導尿管集尿袋的尿液排出量
- EFeeding a client who has dysphagia and is at risk for aspiration餵食有吞嚥困難且有吸入風險的病人
護理指派（Delegation）的核心在於「穩定性」與「常規性」。根據護理專業標準，護理師（RN）僅能將預測性高、低風險且不需要專業護理評估的任務交給照服員（UAP）。穩定術後患者的生命徵象、協助復健移動以及測量排泄量均屬於常規護理範疇，適合 UAP 執行。涉及專業判斷（如評估疼痛反應）或具有高誤吸風險的護理，必須由 RN 親自執行。
The core of nursing delegation lies in 'stability' and 'routine.' According to professional nursing standards, the RN may delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) only tasks that are highly predictable, low-risk, and do not require professional nursing assessment. Obtaining vital signs in a stable postoperative client, assisting with ambulation, and measuring output are all routine nursing tasks suitable for UAPs. Care that involves professional judgment (such as evaluating response to pain medication) or carries high aspiration risk must be performed by the RN.
在美國，UAP（如 CNA）的職責範疇受嚴格規範，不能進行評估（Assessment）或教學（Teaching）。台灣臨床常將這些任務交由照顧服務員，但在美國 NCLEX 考題中，RN 必須明確區分「護理評估」與「常規執行」，避免指派錯誤導致法律責任。