護理師發現單位人力配置不安全，最合適的作法為何？

單位人力配置不足（Unsafe staffing level）直接威脅到病人的安全與照護品質。護理師發現此情況時，應採取積極且符合組織程序的行動，以確保病人獲得充分的照護並防止潛在的醫療疏失。 正確答案 B（立即向單位主管或護理長報告）是最恰當的行動。這是利用組織內部的正式溝通管道，讓決策者能了解情況並及時採取對策，例如重新調配人力、調整病人分配或請求支援。及時反應能將風險降至最低。 選項 C（下班後才提交事件報告）雖然事件報告是必要的，但延遲報告會錯失立即處理問題的機會。選項 A（拒絕接受新病人）可能引發與管理層的衝突，且未經授權的拒收病人可能違反醫院政策與法規。選項 D（在社群媒體上公開抱怨）不僅不專業，也可能違反病人隱私與醫院的溝通政策，無法有效解決問題，反而可能帶來負面影響。

Unsafe staffing levels on a unit directly threaten patient safety and quality of care. When the nurse identifies such a situation, the action taken should be proactive and in accordance with organizational procedures to ensure that patients receive adequate care and to prevent potential medical errors. The correct answer B (immediately reporting the concern to the charge nurse or unit manager) is the most appropriate action. It uses the formal internal communication channel and allows decision makers to understand the situation and take timely countermeasures, such as redistributing staff, adjusting patient assignments, or requesting reinforcement. Prompt reporting minimizes risk. Option C (filing an incident report after the shift ends), although incident reporting is necessary, delays the opportunity to address the problem immediately. Option A (refusing to accept any new admissions) may create conflict with management and unauthorized refusal of admissions may violate hospital policy and regulations. Option D (posting on social media) is unprofessional, may breach patient privacy and hospital communication policy, fails to resolve the problem effectively, and may even create negative consequences.